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Tests & procedures

Know what the test is for—and what comes next.

These plain-language overviews help patients prepare better questions. The exact instructions, risks, benefits, and alternatives depend on the person and the procedure and must come from the treating clinical team.

Office visit

Office consultation

A focused conversation about symptoms, risk, history, medications, and prior results. Bring your medication list and outside records when available.

Office test

Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG)

A quick, painless recording of the heart’s electrical activity using small adhesive sensors on the skin.

Noninvasive test

Echocardiogram

An ultrasound of the heart that shows structure, valve movement, and pumping function. No radiation is used.

Noninvasive test

Exercise stress test

A monitored test that observes the heart during increasing activity. The exact protocol depends on the clinical question and physical ability.

At-home test

Ambulatory heart monitor

A wearable monitor that records rhythm during normal life for a set period to look for intermittent rhythm changes.

At-home test

Ambulatory blood-pressure monitoring

A portable cuff records blood pressure during the day and night to clarify the true pattern outside the office.

Noninvasive test

Vascular ultrasound

Sound waves assess blood flow and structure in arteries or veins without needles or radiation.

Imaging test

Coronary calcium scan

A short, low-dose CT that measures calcified plaque and may refine cardiovascular risk for selected patients.

Imaging test

Coronary CT angiography

A contrast-enhanced CT creates detailed coronary-artery images. Preparation and medication instructions are provided for the individual study.

Invasive test

Cardiac catheterization

A thin catheter is guided through an artery to the heart to measure pressures or view coronary arteries. The team explains preparation, access site, recovery, and medications in advance.

Cath-lab assessment

Coronary physiology (FFR/iFR)

Pressure measurements taken during catheterization help determine whether a narrowing significantly limits blood flow.

Cath-lab assessment

Intravascular imaging (IVUS/OCT)

A tiny imaging device looks from inside the coronary artery to clarify anatomy or guide selected procedures.

Procedure

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)

A catheter-based procedure that may use a balloon and stent to treat a coronary narrowing when intervention is appropriate.

Advanced procedure

Complex PCI and CTO treatment

Specialized catheter techniques may be considered for heavily calcified, high-risk, or completely blocked coronary arteries after careful review.

Selected procedure

Renal denervation

A catheter-based blood-pressure treatment considered only for selected patients after a structured resistant-hypertension evaluation.

Current “What to Expect” videos remain available.

PICC is keeping the vetted outside educational videos in the main site while its own patient-education series is prepared. Original PICC videos can replace them without redesigning this library.

Watch current videos →
Do not use this page to assess urgent symptoms.For chest pain, severe shortness of breath, fainting, stroke symptoms, or another medical emergency, call 911.